Daphnia Lab Report free essay sample

The Effect of Temperature and Epinephrine on The Heart Rate of Daphnia Leslie Orzetti-Gollhofer Gaby Macias  The Daphnia is a Crustacean other known as the water bug. It lives in little groups of freshwater. The Daphnia is ectothermic, which means it controls its internal heat level through outer methods. With this examination we encountered direct what the impact temperature has on a Daphnia’s pulse. We likewise tested what impact epinephrine has on a Daphnia’s pulse. On the off chance that we include heated water, at that point the Daphnia’s pulse will increment. In the event that we include cold water, the Daphnia’s pulse will diminish. On the off chance that we include epinephrine, at that point the pulse will increment. A pipet was utilized to put the Daphnia with water on a glass slide. The slide was then positioned under a glass magnifying instrument to be watched for the test. A count counter was utilized to tally the pulses of the Daphnia when it was put in warm water, under ice and in epinephrine. We will compose a custom paper test on Daphnia Lab Report or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page At the point when we tested what the impact temperature has on the Daphnia’s pulse, we began with a normal control of 64 beats in 15 seconds. In the wake of setting the Daphnia in warm water the normal pulse went up to a normal of 72 beats in 15 seconds, with a normal increment of 12. 5%. At the point when we set the Daphnia over ice the normal pulse diminished to a normal of 43 beats in 15 seconds, with a normal decline of 33%. At the point when we tested what the impact of epinephrine has on the Daphnia’s pulse, we began with a normal control of 73 beats in 15 seconds before including epinephrine. At the point when the epinephrine was added to our examination the normal pulse expanded to 83 beats in 15 seconds. , with a normal of 14%. After the epinephrine was weakened from the slide the normal pulse came back to a normal of 78 thumps in 15 seconds, with a lessening of 7% from the pulse with epinephrine After placing the Daphnia in warm water the normal pulse expanded by 12. 5%. The normal pulse at that point diminished by 33% in cool water. This is on the grounds that they are relentless creatures; thusly they can't experience thermoregulation.

Free Catcher in the Rye Essays - Holden Runs, be He Cannot Hide :: Catcher Rye Essays

Catcher in the Rye - Holden Runs, be He Cannot Hide     While perusing Catcher in the Rye, one can without much of a stretch see that Holden has a specific sentimental view about his reality. Holden thinks in a specific sentimental manner about nearly everybody and everything. This irregular view upon the world really ruins Holden rather then causes him all through the story. By his own activities Holden is hurting himself, not really genuinely. Holden has a romanticized perspective on the world, is thoughtful, and he commends the opportunity of his soul.   Holden has a sentimental view since he has a glorified viewpoint of the world. One model is when Holden lies. He realizes this is a terrible attribute, yet he continues doing it. This is a piece of Holden's character yet, somewhere down in his heart he cherishes misleading individuals. For instance, when he was on the train with Mrs. Morrow, he goes way off on a wild story and experiences issues keeping with the real world. ' Rudolf Schmidt, I advised her. I didn't want to give her my entire life history. Rudolf Schmidt was the name of the janitor of our residence' (Salinger 54). Later on, this will thwart him since lying can get you from behind when one least anticipates it. The manner in which he contemplates individuals is another piece of Holden's admired view that impedes him. More often than not Holden is discussing how everybody is a faker. This is a negative behavior pattern on the grounds that Holden is practically passing judgment on the individuals without even really havi ng met them more often than not. 'Old buddyroos. It was disgusting. The clever part was, they most likely met each other once, at some fake gathering' (Salinger 127). This thwarts him a great deal in light of the fact that a significant number of the individuals in this book appear typical individuals yet, in Holden's eyes, they appear the most noticeably awful of the most noticeably terrible. A significant number of these individuals may really have helped him. Particularly on account of Luce, Holden acted like an infant and this hurt him a great deal. The exact opposite thing that Holden does, because of his romanticized perspective on the world is very abnormal. Holden at some irregular focuses in the book, just thinks about an insane thought.

Im sitting at work right now

I’m sitting at work right now It occurs to me that I havent told you much about what Im doing this summer, which is sort of embarrassing since I keep making reference to it. So, heres a snapshot of what Im doing RIGHT NOW, at 11:52am on a typical day at work. Im in an office with four other undergrads, from all over the place: BU, University of Kansas, UVA, Macalester College. Theyre all rising seniors in physics or astronomy; Im the baby here. The name plate on our door has four slots, taken up by AWESOME PEOPLE ARE HERE which is, in fact, just as accurate as having our names up there. We are summer students at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) headquarters in Charlottesville, Virginia. Trey over there by the window is looking at hydrogen regions in the galaxy (actually, he just walked out of the room to talk with his supervisor), Stephen sitting across from me is doing some crazy-impressive mapping of the Whirlpool galaxy (for his birthday, we made a Whirlpool Galaxy out of cake, frosting, and disgusting quantities of food coloring), Linus* behind me is reading a paper right now but can usually be found graphing properties of ORGANIC MOLECULES IN SPACE (presumably because he realized that adding in space to the end of something makes it awesome) and Arlo to my left is making models** of infall and other processes in protostars, with his headphones on as usual. There are nine summer students in total (the others are in an office down the hall) all doing original research under different supervisors, all from different universities. I actually applied to this program last year, but didnt get in which makes being here now even more satisfying. *His name isnt actually Linus, but he made a lot of PEOPLE ARE GOING TO STALK ME THROUGH THE INTERNET NOW jokes when I used his real name, so Ive given him a pseudonym. **Arlo: When people ask what I do, I say: super models. Of space. Our windows are open, because its a nice day outside for once Virginia has been ridiculously hot recently (104 degrees over the weekend, in my new Fahrenheit vocabulary. Im slowly getting used to the fact that, when I speak in Celsius, people either (a) think I have no concept of temperature or (b) think Im a liar) but finally cooled down to a respectable temperature. Theres a calendar on the wall, with a picture of a spiral galaxy, and a Frisbee on the shelf. Each of us has two sheets of Emacs commands taped to the wall, because were geeks, and a cup of Something Caffeinated on our desks, because were astronomers. Now, to my computer, since I spend 90% of my day looking in this direction. I currently have four windows open: one in Firefox, proudly displaying the blogger interface, and three in the Terminal, displaying two Python scripts and the directory in which those scripts reside. Without Firefox, it looks something like this: Oooooooooh, colors. I spend most of my day doing stuff in Unix and Python, which is surprising, since I knew next to nothing about either when I arrived. A couple of days ago, I knew I had been using the Terminal WAY too much when I struggled for half an hour to open and print an image (WHY ARE THERE SO MANY DIFFERENT IMAGE FORMATS) before Stephen pointed out that I could just double-click on the Desktop icon. .oh, man. Embarrassing nerd moments aside, heres a little science interlude on my topic of research (actually, I guess this is just another nerd momentforgive me): every website ever will tell you that a pulsar is a rotating, highly-magnetized neutron star. What they often fail to mention is that pulsars are well-acknowledged among Sensible People to be the most awesome objects in the universe. Basically: a star runs out of fuel, and can no longer prevent gravity from taking over. Gravity steps in, and the stars collapses in on itself while expelling its outer layers this is called a supernova. If the original star had a particular mass (a mass in a particular range) then it becomes a tiny little neutron star, with a radius of about 12km. Its name comes from the fact that its SO RIDICULOUSLY DENSE that the electromagnetic force is no longer *in charge* (get it? get it?) atoms and nuclei are crushed together, and protons and electrons combine to form neutrons. Also, as the star collapses, it starts spinning faster (you know, that whole angular momentum conservation thing). So, were left with a (VERY) dense, (VERY) rapidly-spinning, sphere of neutrons. I read online that the density is comparable to what youd get if you squashed all of humanity down to the size of a sugarcubenot sure who figured that one out. Pulsars are a subset of neutron stars. They have a strong magnetic field (a dipole) which causes a jet of radiation to be emitted from each pole. As they spin, that jet passes into and out of our line of sight, so the pulsars seems to blink or, one might be inclined to say, pulse just like a lighthouse. One of my projects this summer is to find new pulsars using brand new data from the Green Bank Telescope in West Virginia. Another project is to calculate something called Rotation Measure, but since Im not doing that RIGHT NOW its not relevant to this blog post. This is, after all, intended to be a snapshot + the requisite background information. In ten minutes, well break for lunch. Sounds of the office: typing, rhythmic desk-tapping, a circular saw (from outside, that isno ones project involves the use of a circular saw, although it WOULD be pretty effective stress relief), the occasional footsteps from the hallway, and the occasional scream of joy from me when my code finally compiles. Every now and then, someone throws a foam cup at someone else, for no particular reason. In case you cant tell, Im geeking out here, and loving every second of it.

The Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman - 1809 Words

Bars on windows, locks on doors, no communication with the outside world. Does this sound like a good treatment and conditions for someone who has a mental illness? In The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, we follow a woman through her journey with the rest cure. The narrator of the story is prescribed the rest cure after having a â€Å"slight hysterical tendency† (Gilman 648). She is sent up to live in the attic of the home that she and her husband are renting for several months. The attic has bars over all the windows and rings on the walls. It sounds as though it is more like a room in an insane asylum than in the attic of a home, and definitely not a favorable place to shove someone that is trying to be treated for a mental disorder. Gilman portrays this main character of her story as someone who is beginning to go crazy throughout her treatment. The narrator has an extremely governing husband who happens to be a physician consequently making sure that his wife gets the rest that she needs. As the story goes on, we begin to see the effects that the rest cure has on the narrator. She does not appear to be getting better as the story progresses. Her condition seems to be deteriorating as her mind begins to spiral further and further out of her control. She begins to see things in the wallpaper that surrounds her. One might wonder while reading the story whether or not it depicts the rest cure and its effects fairly. Charlotte Perkins Gilman describes the rest cureShow MoreRelatedThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman885 Words   |  4 Pagesbeen a stigma around mental illness and feminism. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† was written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman in the 1900’s. â€Å"The Yellow W allpaper† has many hidden truths within the story. The story was an embellished version her own struggle with what was most likely post-partum depression. As the story progresses, one can see that she is not receiving proper treatment for her depression and thus it is getting worse. Gilman uses the wallpaper and what she sees in it to symbolize her desire to escapeRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman846 Words   |  4 PagesHumans are flawed individuals. Although flaws can be bad, people learn and grow from the mistakes made. Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s short story, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, gives one a true look at using flaws to help one grow. Gilman gives her reader’s a glimpse into what her life would have consisted of for a period of time in her life. Women were of little importance other than to clean the house and to reproduce. This story intertwines the reality of what the lives of woman who were considered toRead MoreThe Ye llow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1362 Words   |  6 Pagesas freaks. In the short story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, both of these elements are present. Gilman did a wonderful job portraying how women are not taken seriously and how lightly mental illnesses are taken. Gilman had, too, had firsthand experience with the physician in the story. Charlotte Perkins Gilman s believes that there really was no difference in means of way of thinking between men or women is strongly. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is a short story about a woman whoRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1547 Words   |  7 PagesCharlotte Perkins Gilman s career as a leading feminists and social activist translated into her writing as did her personal life. Gilman s treatment for her severe depression and feelings of confinement in her marriage were paralleled by the narrator in her shorty story, The Yellow Wallpaper. Charlotte Perkins Gilman was born in 1860 in Hartford, Connecticut. Her parents, Mary Fitch Perkins and Fredrick Beecher Perkins, divorced in 1869. Her dad, a distinguished librarian and magazine editorRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman2032 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman is a poem about women facing unequal marriages, and women not being able to express themselves the way they want too. Charlotte Perkins Gilman was born in 1860, and died in 1935. This poem was written in 1892. When writing this poem, women really had no rights, they were like men’s property. So writing â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† during this time era, was quite shocking and altered society at the time. (Charlotte Perkins Gilman and the Feminization ofRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman904 Words   |  4 Pagescom/us/definiton/americaneglish/rest-cure?q=rest+cure). Charlotte Perkins Gilman wrote The Yellow Wallpaper as a reflection of series of events that happened in her own life. Women who fought the urge to be the typical stereotype were seen as having mental instabilities and were considered disobedient. The societal need for women to conform to the standards in the 1800s were very high. They were to cook, clean and teach their daughters how to take care of the men. Gilman grew up without her father and she vowedRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman999 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is a story of a woman s psychological breakdown, which is shown through an imaginative conversation with the wallpaper. The relationship between the female narrator and the wallpaper reveals the inner condition of the narrator and also symbolically shows how women are oppressed in society. The story, read through a feminist lens, reflects a woman s struggle against the patriarchal power structure. In the â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, Charlotte Perkins Gilman uses the wallpaperRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman Essay1208 Words   |  5 Pagesthat wallpaper as I did?† the woman behind the pattern was an image of herself. She has been the one â€Å"stooping and creeping.† The Yellow Wallpaper was written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. In the story, three characters are introduced, Jane (the narrator), John, and Jennie. The Yellow Wallpaper is an ironic story that takes us inside the mind and emotions of a woma n suffering a slow mental breakdown. The narrator begins to think that another woman is creeping around the room behind the wallpaper, attemptingRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman846 Words   |  4 PagesThe dignified journey of the admirable story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† created by Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s, gave the thought whether or not the outcome was influenced by female oppression and feminism. Female oppression and feminist encouraged a series of women to have the freedom to oppose for their equal rights. Signified events in the story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† resulted of inequality justice for women. Charlotte Perkins Gilman gave the reader different literary analysis to join the unjustifiableRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1704 Words   |  7 PagesEscaping The Yellow Wallpaper Charlotte Perkins Gilman (1860-1935) whom is most acclaimed for her short story The Yellow Wallpaper (1891) was a women’s author that was relatively revolutionary. Gilman makes an appalling picture of captivity and confinement in the short story, outlining a semi-personal photo of a young lady experiencing the rest cure treatment by her spouse, whom in addition to being her husband was also her therapist. Gilman misused the rest cure in The Yellow Wallpaper to alarm other

The Lord Of The Rings Series - 845 Words

In The Lord of the Rings series by J.R.R Tolkien, heroism is a prominent theme throughout. There is not one sole hero. Tolkien doesn’t present the books with just one hero, but a combined effort of many different heroes. He could have easily made the story just about Aragorn, Gandalf, Frodo, or Sam A hero is a person who overcomes adversity to achieve a quest that changes his society for good in the dramatic way. In classic literature a hero is usually portrayed as an epic hero. The epic hero is usually male, royal, starts at a position of calm stasis, in thrust into a quest. He overcomes obstacles, enemies, suffering, completes the quest and returns home to change himself and his place. He usually has some sort of skill. The men in the story embody this kind of hero, mostly Aragorn. In â€Å"Splintered Heroes- Heroic Variety and its Functions in The Lord of the Rings,† Thomas Honegger implies: that The Lord of the Rings could be easily be (re)written as the tale of t he epic hero of Aragorn.† Aragorn is a â€Å"larger than life† and embodies the â€Å"King-Who-Returns† archetype (Lakowski 5). He of course isn’t the only hero and is accompanied by a different kind of hero or the â€Å"common man hero† ( Flieger 1). The story could have made the story about Aragorn but Tolkien centered the book on hobbits—a very unlikely hero. In â€Å"Frodo and Aragorn: The Concept of the Hero† Verlyn Flieger argues that Tolkien uses both kind of heroes: The conventional medieval story, whether epic, romance,Show MoreRelatedThe Lord of the Rings Trilogy Movies896 Words   |  4 Pages The Lord of the Rings trilogy, spanned from 2001-2003, is a series of dramatic mythical movies based on the fantasy novels The Lord of the Rings: The fellowship of the Ring, The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers and The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King. Peter Jackson’s attention to detail and graphic design enhance d the film and produced the mythical fantasies and wonders displayed in the book series. His choice of music added dramatic effect that added intensity. The Lord of the RingsRead More Elements of The Lord of the Rings in Final Fantasy VIII Essay1730 Words   |  7 PagesElements of The Lord of the Rings in Final Fantasy VIII      Ã‚  Ã‚   J.R.R. Tolkiens The Lord of the Rings trilogy is arguably the most influential work of fantasy literature in modern times. Its epic tale of good against evil and its surreal world of magical and unusual characters and places have captured and enchanted readers since its publication half a century ago. The story of the struggle to destroy the One Ring still influences numerous tales of adventure in literature, film, and role-playingRead MoreAnalysis Of Peter Jackson s The Lord Of The Rings 1426 Words   |  6 Pagesdeliberately archaic epic a fresh, bracing revel† (Alleva). In his article, Richard Alleva praises Jackson for his great achievements. Taking on the task of adapting Tolkien’s cherished series to the screen sets Jackson apart as a courageous and dedicated artist who will be remembered. Through his adaptation of The Lord of the Rings by J.R.R. Tolkien, Jackson’s genius overwhelmed the fantasy genre of film. His innovative use of techn ology, enormous accomplishments, creation of a mythical world, and respectRead MoreThe Lord of the Rings directed by Peter Jackson Essay927 Words   |  4 PagesThe Art and the Business of My Inspirational Film A cultural product that inspires me is the film trilogy The Lord of the Rings, which was directed by Peter Jackson. This movie gave me inspiration because of how beautiful and well put together the film was. It made me want to be involved with the process of how great films are made. According to Wikipedia, â€Å"Jackson knew he wanted to bring the movie to the big screen, and was curious to why nobody decided to do so.† He wanted to take advantage ofRead MoreOn Tolkiens The Lord of the Rings1250 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Final Paper- Evaluation Argument A Paper on the Complete Awesomeness of The Lord of the Rings by J.R.R. Tolkien A good book according to Jim Menick, a writer for Reader Digest, must have believable and lovable characters, narrative drive, and stories that are entertaining rather than disturbing (Menick). A story’s characters must have depth, and feel real to the reader. If a character seems false, the whole book will. A book has to have a captivating storyline or readers will lose interestRead MoreComparison Between Lord of the Rings and Harry Potter1155 Words   |  5 PagesIn the previous century there have been two major series of fantasy novels; Lord of the Rings and more recently Harry Potter. The genre, fantasy, is very broad, but generally contains one main character, the protagonist, who is fighting for, or against something, often against evil. In both these novels the main protagonist is fighting against evil and endures a kind of adventure and personal growth. As in most fantasy novels, the main characters are in an ulterior world, which is comparableRead MoreHarry Potter And The Lord Of The Rings1449 Words   |  6 Pagesjust works of ‘fantasy’, they are an imaginary world that represents a far greater meaning. Harry Potter and The Lord of the Rings are dark stories that have a similar concept: save the good from evil. The Lord of the Rings was accepted in the Christian community, unlike the Harry Potter series, undoubtedly because Tolkien publicly claimed Catholicism as a religion. The Lord of the Rings has a more masked Christian allegory, whereas Harry Potter demonstrates similar aspects, but has more Wiccan thanRead MoreThe And Of The Tolkien s Magnum Opus 1584 Words   |  7 PagesRowling has written one of the most recognizable and iconic pieces of literature. Harry Potter series differs from the works of Lewis and Tolkien. Yet they still have the same impact on the readers. In this essay I will evaluate Rowling’s magnum opus in order to compare her implementations of the gospel to that of Tolkien and Lewis and to determ ine whether or not her work is worthy of pertaining to the western canon. Also, I will describe the implications of her novels on the platonic worldview accordingRead MoreEssay On Ratatouille1402 Words   |  6 Pagesget the supplies for the ship. In the game, you can search the planets as a side mission. You can go to the different systems and search the planets for deposits or satellites In the Mass Effect games like in every game there is a campaign that is a series of mane missions. In Mass Effect one of the missions is to find a planet to live on the earth is to foul of people. In Mass Effect one other main mission is to find the alien structures that are polluting the air on the planet. In Mass Effect oneRead MoreThe Movie The Frighteners Way Before I Knew Who He 1545 Words   |  7 PagesJackson and Fran Walsh conceived the idea for The Frighteners during the script-writing phase of Heavenly Creatures. The Frighteners was a spin-off film of to the television series, Tales from the Crypt. But after Peter Jackson and Fran Walsh s first draft it was agreed that the script would be better of as a movie than a tv series The visual effects were created by Jackson s Weta Digital, which had only been in existence for three years. And the fact that The Frighteners required more digital effects

Causes and Solutions to Pronunciation Problems Free Essays

Causes and solutions to pronunciation problems12008815x , So Hee Kim Hong kong is one of the most preferred locations for international business in Asia Pacific, and is becoming more so. Naturally business English skills is becoming increasingly important. Business English skills can be categorized into three different parts. We will write a custom essay sample on Causes and Solutions to Pronunciation Problems or any similar topic only for you Order Now These parts are writing, presentation and communication. All are equally important, but this essay will focus more on commuicaition. To be be more specific, it will focus on pronunciation. For, when I first came to hongkong, I realized that people’s grammer and vocabulary is quiet good, but it is sometimes hard to understand them because of their pronunciation. Because relatively other aspects are quite good, I think that hong kong can increase their competitiveness in business English by focusing on this aspect. So, the following will cover the objective of the essay, the causes for the inaccurate pronunciation and the solutions. The objective is to look into how hong kong people can achieve an ‘acceptable’ pronunciation. An acceptable pronunciation is ‘ a pronunciation when other people can understand what he/she says and the speaker’s English is pleasant to listen to; in other words, the speaker is comfortably intelligible. ’ (James,2010) To be short, the pronunciation doesn’t have to be like a native speaker but just have to be understood comfortably. There are few factors that leads to the problem of pronunciation in hong kong, despite the early age the children start to learn English. One is the influence of their mother tongue. And the other is the way how pronunciation is taught in schools. Candice, 2006) There are lots of studies that proves that the first language have a profound affect on learning the second language (Carter,2001). In hong kong, their first language is Cantonese. And there are differences in phonology between Cantonese and English. First, unlike English, Cantonese is logographic. Because they learn their mother tongue in a logographic method, they might apply the same way when learning English. That is, they may learn apply visual recognition method when learning English words rather than applying the phonetic analysis method. And this can decrease the ability to link letters and phonemes, which can affect their pronunciation. Also there are differences in the languages syllable structure, sound inventory and prosodic patterns. (Catherine,2002) But the more pressing problem is the insignificant emphasis placed on pronunciation teaching. For these kinds of problems can be overcome with a good system. First, teachers should clarify the differences between English and Cantonese phonological systems. In a study, a research(Candice,2006) was conducted to students of hong kong to find out where the most frequent pronunciation errors occur and the reason behind this. The research showed that most of these problems occurred, because the students did not have a clear idea of the differences between the two sound systems. For example, the /l/ sound in Cantonese cannot be found in a word-final position. So most of the students in the research had a tendency to not spell out the /l/ when pronouncing ‘will’. Learning phonics in an appropriate method is also important. Phonics is teaching reading by training beginners to associate letters with their sound values. By learning phonics students will be able to read and pronounce properly. Recently in primary schools in hong kong, phonics has become a major component of the English language curriculum. But there still seems to be a lot of limitation concerning this. The most pressing problem regarding this issue, is that the knowledge base for teaching phonics is not established. So the teachers will have to work on finding a clear methodology for teaching phonics in secondary language contexts. For example, in a study the researcher suggested adopting awareness raising activities for phonics learning. (paul,2008) This means increasing student’s awareness to the general sensitivity to sound-spelling correspondence. This will increase their ability to notice and deduce the specific relationships themselves. This will lead to better performance of students in sounding out a new word from it’s spelling or spelling a word from it’s pronunciation. Also, teachers should make use of today’s technology. For example, there are so many good computer program for learning English pronunciation these days. The strong point of using computer software is that it allows student to repeatedly listen to what they want, and help them to learn at anytime, anywhere. And by motivating them to use these systems in their daily lives, they can help students develop independency in learning pronunciation. Pronunciations in English is important, in people’s daily lives and also in business society. Poor pronunciation can have a negative impression and also create prejudice against the person. saylor) So, in order to have a good communication skills in the business world, having an ‘acceptable’ pronunciation is a necessity. The main cause for pronunciation problems in hongkong can be found in the huge difference between their mother tounge and English. But by applying an effective English education system it is not a problem that could not be overcome.. As international business in increasing in hong kong, overcoming this weak point will have great effect on the nation’s competitiveness as the center for global businesses. References. 1. http://www. ehow. com/about_6636066_importance-english-pronunciation. html 2. An analysis of Hong Kong native Cantonese Form Three students’ problems in English Pronunciation. ( Chiu Kik Ling Candice,2006) 3. Teaching Phonics through Awareness-Raising Activities (Paul Sze, 2008) 4. Learning to read English among Chinese Children (Rebecca Treiman) 5. The Significance of Pronunciation in Engilsh Language Teaching (Abbas Pourhosein Gilakjani, 2012) How to cite Causes and Solutions to Pronunciation Problems, Essay examples

Moses And Joshuas Crossings Essays - Book Of Exodus, Moses, Joshua

Moses' and Joshua's Crossings The Israelite's flight from Egyptian bondage was, arguably, the event that united them as a people. Not only did their account of escape from being enslaved by a more powerful people have mythological qualities, but the trek that followed as they journeyed to the Promised Land was also discouraging and difficult. It is not surprising, then, that from the stories surrounding their escape and final entrance into the Promised Land contain events that defy modern scientific explanation. Moses' parting of the Red Sea is one of the most famous accounts from the Old Testament. Additionally, while it is less well known, Joshua's similar feat at the border of the Promised Land on the banks of the river Jordan is equally amazing. The accounts of these two events are strikingly similar, and the similarities only serve to enforce the feeling of wonder at the power of God. Further, the differences between the two accounts indicate an evolution into a more empowered and majestic representation of the Israelite's favor with God. In comparing the two similar phenomena, it is important to consider the effect that their occurrence had on other people and cultures. Very obviously, the Egyptians were affected by Moses' parting of the Red Sea. However, beyond the obvious fact that their warriors and Pharaoh were killed, it was also a way by which God made His power known even to those who were not His chosen people and did not believe in His sovereignty. His intentions in commanding Moses to lead the people through the sea was more than mere convenience, it was also showmanship. ...so that I may win glory for myself at the expense of Pharaoh and all his army; and the Egyptians will know that I am the Lord.'?(Exodus 14:4) Similarly, Joshua's parting of the Jordan River convinced local peoples of God's power and his investment in the Israelite's well being. ... the Amorite kings ...and all the Caananite kings ... heard how the Lord had dried up the waters of the Jordan before the advance of the Israelites ..., their courage failed them; there was no more spirit left in them because of the Israelites. (Joshua 5:1) The large correlation not only in the affect that these events had on surrounding cultures, but also the similar motivations attributed to God serves to evince even further basis for comparison. Moses and Joshua are strikingly similar leaders charged with virtually identical tasks: provide for, protect and guide the chosen people physically as well as spiritually. Both are personally acquainted with the God that they spend their lives serving. As opposed to the somewhat removed relationships between God and His servants later in the Old Testament, both have a relationship bordering on camaraderie with the Lord. Moses speaks with Him personally, like a friend. When Joshua assumes his position, he also has an intensely personal and direct connection to God. These connections separate both Moses and Joshua from even the most devout among the Israelites. Maintaining such a rapport with God allows both Moses and Joshua to be given the power to part water at God's command. Details from the events themselves are also very similar. In comparing the actual appearances of the parted waters, it seems that the Israelites both in Moses' time as well as those following Joshua saw very similar things. Moses' crossing is described as, the Israelites had passed along the dry ground through the sea, with the water forming a wall to right and to left.? (Exodus 14:29) While the parting itself is different for Joshua's people, the river ends up very much like the Red Sea. it piled up like a bank?The water coming down to the sea ... was completely cut ...? (Joshua 3:16). It is important to draw the distinction between the actual methods by which the two bodies of water are parted. In Moses' case, it his power given to him by God that allows the miracle to occur. The account reads, ?Moses held out his hand over the sea...and turned the seabed into dry land? (Exodus 14:21). However, Joshua could not single-handedly part the river himself. Instead, the twelve tribes and the power of the ark of the covenant

All Ready and Already - Glossary of Usage

All Ready and Already - Glossary of Usage Your spellchecker doesnt know the difference between the homophones all ready and already, but you should know the difference. Definitions The adjective phrase all ready (two words) means completely prepared. The adverb already (one word) means previously or by this time. Also see the usage notes below. Examples Our bags have already been inspected.​We are all ready to board the plane.​They were already in the downtown area, and they were all ready to walk from bar to bar.(Gonzalo Celorio, And Let the Earth Tremble at Its Centers, trans. by Dick Gerdes. University of Texas Press, 2009). Usage Notes and Memory Tricks Already means before now or before then: The game had already started by the time we got there.Do not confuse already with all ready as two separate words: Are you all ready? ( Are all of you ready?)(George Davidson, Penguin Writers Guides: Improve Your Spelling. Penguin, 2005)LISTEN: Mentally say the sentence you are about to write. If you pause between all and ready, use two words, all ready.VISUALIZE CONNECT: Visualize runners ready to start a race. Think, All ready? All set? Go!VISUALIZE CONNECT: Visualize yourself waiting for a friend and looking at your watch, distressed. Think, Its almost 8:00 and were already late!(Nancy Ragno, Word Savvy: Use the Right Word Every Time, All The Time. Writers Digest Books, 2011) Practice (a) The ballplayers have _____ taken batting practice.(b) The players are _____ to start the game. Answers to Practice Exercises (a) The ballplayers have  already  taken batting practice. (b) The players are  all ready  to start the game. Glossary of Usage: Index of Commonly Confused Words

OxiClean to Remove Skunk Odor

OxiClean to Remove Skunk Odor OxiCleanâ„ ¢ (sometimes spelled OxyClean) is a great stain remover, but its also a great odor remover. I was having dinner with an awesome veterinarian who mentioned her dog had been sprayed by a skunk. She saw that the dog was wet and bent down to touch its fur. The dampness was skunk spray, so she then had a handful of stinky nastiness, too. I said I had heard tomato juice was supposed to be decent at diminishing skunk-smell. Nope, doesnt work. What does work, she said, is spraying the pet with OxiClean and then very thoroughly rinsing, presumably with soap and water since that is how you are supposed to get OxiClean off your hands if you have skin contact. A Product Of Many Uses This is not an official vet-recommended treatment for skunk spray for a couple of reasons. The active ingredients in OxiClean (and similar products, which would also work) are sodium carbonate (washing soda) and sodium percarbonate. They react to form peroxide, which is an effective bleach and disinfectant, plus is reactive enough to tackle most messes. Its also reactive enough to cause damage to certain tissues. If you read the MSDS for sodium percarbonate, for example, you will find the chemical is harmful if swallowed and may cause severe eye injury. If you spritz OxiClean in water on yourself or your pet to remove skunkiness, you need to be absolutely certain to avoid getting any in the eyes. Plus, you need to take extra care to rinse all of the OxiClean off. You might not lick your hands after washing them, but chances are your cat or dog will. Cat, in particular, lick their fur and are highly sensitive to chemicals. Its best to check with a veterinarian before applying any prod uct to a feline. How It Works OxiClean should work as an odor remover pretty much the same way as it works as a stain remover. The hydrogen peroxide that is released reacts with stain molecules and changes their structure. This makes them absorb light differently, rendering colored stains colorless. Note that this does mean the stains are actually gone; you just cant see them. Stink molecules are like stains. If you change their shape, the chemoreceptors in your nose may be unable to detect them.So,  if you have an encounter with the business end of a skunk, try reaching for the Oxiclean instead of the V-8. Avoid the eyes and rinse, rinse, rinse.

Financial management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial management - Essay Example This is different from For-Profit organizations that source their funds from shareholders who are the real owners of these organizations. Organizational structure of NGO’s and For-Profit are a bit similar in the sense that both set of organizations are managed by boards of directors. Financial management entails the processes of budgeting, Taxation and corporate governance. NGO’s typically have financial budgets prepared over the period of the activities they are undertaking. On the other hand, For-Profit organizations have their financial budgets prepared for a period of one financial year. Governments levy taxes on all organizations for the purpose of implementing public project or service provision but with the exemption of NGO’s. According to Brigham (2010, 65), the main difference between NGO’s and For-Profit organizations is the objectives and goals of these organizations. NGO’s are set up to provide charitable goods or services to people with out need of making a profit. This major differentiating factor is the reason behind the differences in financial management practices between these organizations. Corporate governance is important in implementing integrity and management of organizational strategies. NGO’s are not particular in enforcing prudent corporate governance practices compared to For-Profit organizations. ... NGO’s are organizations which are not set out to make profits but instead they are meant to provide a service. This is opposed to profitable organizations which are meant to make profits. Organizational Structure The organizational structure of NGO’s is different from that of a profitable organization in that NGO’s are mandated to offer services compared to profit organizations which are meant to make profits. NGO’s are registered or mandated either by governments or special bodies to undertake projects or service delivery to different people. The major difference between NGO’s and profit organizations stems in the ownership structure of the two bodies. NGO’s are owned or operated by a board of directors or a steering committee in some cases; this board of directors is responsible for drawing up the financial strategies for the organization. The board of directors of an NGO are responsible for sourcing funds for the organization through diffe rent ways (Brigham 94). In some instances, some NGO’s have adopted the structure of a private company and used this structure to manage their financial operations. Most NGO’s source their funds from governments, churches and donations this is because these organizations act as governments and they only use their funds for capacity building. This is in contrast to profitable companies whereby ownership of these organizations belongs to some individuals. Profitable companies are owned by people known as shareholders; shareholders are responsible for funding the organization to undertake the goals and objectives of these organizations. Public owned organizations are profit organizations which comprise of a many owners in a company

Sport success in qatar Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sport success in qatar - Essay Example s success in sports improve as it started by building sports city, creating a national day for sports in its calendar, apart from hosting the world cup football and the Doha athletic world championship. The Federation for International Football Association (FIFA), is the international governing body of football, with headquarters based in Zurich (Simon, 2013). The foundation was founded in 1904 under the Swiss law. It has a total of 209 member association, of which, Qatar is one among the number. One of its goals is to constantly improve football through sponsorship, promotion, and organization. The body employs over 305 people from more than 35 nations, and it is composed of the Congress, Executive Committee, General Secretariat, and the committees in charge of assisting the executive body. Through its executive committee, FIFA carries out world cup hosting biddings in accordance with the FIFA Provisions and Statutes. Four years ago, FIFAs Executive Committee announced Qatar the winner of the 2022 world cup hosting, a competition that was highly contended. The Executive Committee, however, confirmed that the exact date for this hosting will be discussed in their meeting in March 2015. While awaiting that decision, the task force responsible for the international match calendar of 2018-2022 and the 2022 FIFA World Cup Qatars team, chaired by the President of the AFC Shk. Salman bin Ebrahim al-Khalifa will hold a prior meeting in Doha, in February of 2015 (FIFA.com, 2014). The FIFA Executive Committee confirmed to strongly support the creating of an independent body that will oversee the process of implementation of the reform program in Qatar regarding the issues of labor rights. This will take place in support of the recommendation put across by the DLA Piper report. This report also gave mandate to the FIFA President Blatter, with Dr. Theo Swanziger to go ahead with and discuss this issue with the political authorities of Qatar and be sure that the

Review of Binding Updates Security in MIPv6

Review of Binding Updates Security in MIPv6 Avishek Dutta   Vikram Raju R. Abstract— Mobile Nodes (MN) in Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) are given the opportunity to eliminate triangle routing that is inefficient with their own corresponding node (CN) using Route Optimization (RO). This greatly improves the performance of the network. Unfortunately, using this method allows several security vulnerabilities to manifest itself with the MIPv6. Among those, common issues are those concerns the verification of authenticity and authorization of Binding Updates during the process of RO. These types of unauthenticated and unauthorized BUs are the key to various types of malicious attacks. Since it is expected that MIPv6 will be supported by IPv6, several mechanism to ensure BU security will be crucial in the next generation Internet. This article focuses on Mobile IPv6 and security considerations. Keywords/Index Term—IKE, Mobile IPv6, Network Security, Potential threats in MIPv6 I. Introduction The way MIPv6 operates can be seen in Figure 1 [1], with 3 node types, namely the Home Agent (HA), Mobile Node (MN) and the Corresponding Node (CN) [2], while MN’s mobility is detected by a router advertisement message including an MN able to make a router send its advertisement message by request, if needed. Following mobility detection, the MN gets a CoA unlike in MIPv4, after which it sends the BU message to the HA and the communicated corresponding node (a node wishing to connect to, or is communicating with MN). The HA and corresponding node update the binding list and send acknowledgement messages [1], meaning that the Mobile IPv6 allows an MN to alter its attachment point to the internet while maintaining established communications [3]. This paper presents an analysis of both Route Optimisation (RO) and Identity Based Encryption (IBE) protocol with proposal to strengthen the level of security of a BU method. This method uses the public key to create an authentication th at is stronger. II. MN-HA Authentication Mutual authentication between an MN and its HA is mandatory in MIPv6, and usually performed with IPSec and IKE, while session key generation and authentication are done with IKE. Using X.509 certificates in IKE is the existing method of performing these tasks. The MN moves to a foreign network and obtains a new CoA. MN carries out a BU on its HA (where the new CoA is registered). HA sends a binding acknowledgement to MN. A Correspondent Node (CN) tries to contact MN, with HA intercepting packets destined to MN. Next, HA tunnels all packets from CN to MN using MNs CoA. When MN replies to the CN, it may use its current CoA (and bind to the CN) and communicate with the CN directly (â€Å"route optimization†), or it could tunnel all its packets through the HA. Sometimes MN and HA share a common secret, possibly occurring in WLAN instances when MN shifts to another WLAN which requires authentication [4]. If there are no shared secrets, extending the IKEv2 authentication process to identity-based authentication as opposed to X.509-based authentication certificates is usual. It can also be assumed that both MN and HA use the same PKG, and according to the relationship between these three entities, any trust level from I to III may be applied during private key delivery. Regarding IKE, two main methods of implementing IBE exist, the first of which involves modifying IKE’s four-way handshake while the second utilizes EAP to generate a new IBE-based EAP authentication method [4]. A. Modifying IKE IKE could implement IBE through the addition of a third authentication method, other than the previous shared secret and X.509 authentication. Instead of X.509 certificates, IKE also uses â€Å"IBE certificates†. IBE-based authentication functions fundamentally the same as X.509 authentication, in that to authenticate peers the same information block should be signed as in the X.509-based authentication, in addition to a signature based on IBE (i.e. the Hess signature). Currently, identities are replacing certificates and revocation lists do not need to be checked. Ehmke (2007) implemented a prototype which can realize this idea. Performance wise, clearly transmit certificates or certificate requests are no longer necessary since the IKE identity can be used straight as the public key for authentication. Also, expensive certificate-chain checking is redundant while elliptic curve cryptography-based hardware- accelerated IBE algorithms are sometimes quite efficient, particularl y in embedded devices [4]. B. Extensible Authentication Protocol Several wireless networks utilize the Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) [5] for access authentication. EAP techniques commonly deal with AAA servers which affect the required authentications, after which notifications are relayed back to a functional module (Network Access Server) in the access network. For Mobile IPv6 [6], the Binding Authentication Data option [7] helps enable different authentication techniques, while a subtype exists for AAA- based authentication like EAP. On the other hand, there still are EAP methods requiring extra handling and specifications which present Binding Authentication Data option documentation does not provide. Currently, specification from this document is for at least some very widely deployed EAP methods, so, often, when EAP is needed, Mobile IPv6 tunnel redirection to a wireless device’s new CoA can be done much faster [8-10]. C. Using Extensible Authentication Protocol Figure 2 illustrates possible steps in EAP implementation. It is advisable to use EAP as part when establishing a concurrent shared key to be used in the final two message exchanges leading to authentication [4]. Chen and Kudla’s key agreement with IBE technique is one alternative protocol (protocol 2’ in [11]) that can function in the absence of a key escrow, so CERTREQ and CERT messages in steps 2, 3, 4 are not necessary (Figure. 2). Figure 3 illustrates the resulting IKE Initial Message exchange. 1. I _ R: HDR, SAi1, KEi, Ni 2. R _ I: HDR, SAr1, KEr, Nr, [CERTREQ] 3. I _ R: HDR, ESK{IDi,[CERTREQ,][IDr,]SAi2,TSi,TSr} 4. R _ I: HDR, ESK{IDr,[CERT,]AUTH,EAP} 5. I _ R: HDR, ESK{EAP} 6. R _ I: HDR, ESK{EAP} .. n. R _ I: HDR, ESK{EAP(success)} n+1. I _ R: HDR, ESK{AUTH} n+2. R _ I: HDR, ESK{AUTH,SAr2,TSi,TSr} Fig 2. IKE Initial Message Exchange: Authentication using EAP [12]. Here, the same PKG is shared by MN and HA, where P is a public PKG parameter, and HA and MN choose the random numbers a and b, respectively. The Chen-Kudla protocol produces a session key solely for message 7 and 8 authentication. The AUTH payloads have to authenticate messages 3 and 4 based on MAC and a secret key generated by an EAP protocol [11]. 1. MN _ HA: HDR, SAMN1, KEMN, NMN 2. HA _ MN: HDR, SAHA1, KEHA, NHA 3. MN _ HA: HDR, ESK{IDMN,[IDHA,]SAMN2,TSMN,TSHA} 4. HA _ MN: HDR, ESK{IDHA,AUTH,EAP_CK_Req(a ·P,a ·QHA)} 5. MN _ HA: HDR, ESK{EAP_CK_Res(b ·P,b ·QMN)} 6. HA _ MN: HDR, ESK{EAP(success)} 7. MN _ HA: HDR, ESK{AUTH} 8. HA _ MN: HDR, ESK{AUTH,SAHA2,TSMN,TSHA} Fig 3. IKE Initial Message Exchange: EAP with IBE Authentication [12]. But since IBE uses PKG, it is almost impossible to guess which MN will be communicated by the CN. We cannot simply assume the same PKG is used by both MN and CN. Multi-PKG is used instead but it is not recommended for larger networks. III. MN-CN Authentication Via the MIPv6 protocol, MN can keep its network connection even when the network attachment modifies [13]. An MN can be reached at its home address (HA) anytime, even when not physically in its home network. When an MN is connected to a foreign network it obtains a CoA from the local router through stateless or stateful autoconfiguration. Next, for home r egistra tion, the MN sends HA its current location information (CoA) in a BU message, then HA can redirect and tunnel packets intended. for the MN’s home address, to the MN’s CoA. When a foreign network MN is in contact with a CN (a stationary or mobile peer communicating with a MN) through the HA, bidirectional tunnelling takes place for instances when CN is not bound to the MN (registration is in progress) or MIPv6 is not supported by CN [4]. If the CN supports MIPv6, a more effective mobile routing technique, Route Optimization (RO), can be used. RO is effective as it provides the most direct, shortest path of transmitting messages between an MN and a CN, eliminating the need for packets to pass through the HA, and avoiding triangular routing (bidirectional tunnelling). Prior to setting up RO, the MN must send CN a BU packet containing its CoA with present location data. On the other hand, security risks with RO [14] can be for example that an MN may send CN a false BU packet and redirect the communication stream to a desired location, resulting in a Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack. Thus, for increased security, it is important to authenticate BUs in RO [4] [15]. What happens between a CN and MN is not the same as between an MN and its HA. Since CN could be any node, MN and CN have no shared secrets or trusted certificates. Thus, Return Routability (RR) can be used, as: †¢ An MN sends CN a home test init (HoTi) and care-of test init (CoTi). HoTi is sent directly through the HA and CoTi. HoTi has the home address and CoTi has the CoA as source addresses, both including a cookie. †¢ Upon receiving either HoTi or CoTi message, CN immediately answers with a home test (HoT) and care- of test (CoT) message which gets sent to the respective source address. Each reply contains the cookie recovered from the nonce indenx, corresponding init message, and a keygen token, later for BU authentication use. When MN receives HoT and CoT, RR is done. Only MN can receive packets sent to both its HA and CoA, and can now hash the two tokens to calculate the binding key. This key is utilized for generating a Message Authentication Code (MAC) for BUs, and MAC can be verified by CN. RR provides an analysis of a nodes reach-ability during authentication but do not validate address ownership in IPv6. IV. MIPv6 Security Analysis Providing security against different types of malicious attacks e.g. denial of service (DoS), connection hijacking, man- in-the-middle and impersonation, are the basic objectives for the development of IPv6. The objective of improved security is to create routing changes that are safe against all threats. Threats are based on the routing changes that provides mobility in the network. Threats faced by Mobile IPv6 security can be divided into different categories: __ Binding update (BU) to HA type threats __ Route Optimisation to CN type threats __ Threats that attack the tunnelling process between HA and MN __ Threats that uses Mobile IPv6 routing header to return traffic of other nodes Binding update and route optimisation threats are related to authentication of binding messages. Communication between MN and HA needs trust and communication authentication. This is because MN agrees to implement the HA services therefore relationship between the two must first be secure. However, the CN and MN does not have prior relationship but authenticating messages between the two is still possible. For example, this is possible by authenticating the public key. If a malicious packet is sent to the HA using the same source address as the MN, the HA will then forward the packet containing the MNs source address contained in the malicious node. However, this DoS attack can be prevented by using an algorithm to verify the BU message receives by the HA. Such threat can also be avoided when a new routing header is used to replaces the incorrect header that manoeuvres around firewall rules and obtaining a constrained address [16, 17]. V. Proposed Protection of BU Message Corresponding Author: XYZ, [emailprotected] Once the BU message is complete, the MN will receive normal traffic from the CN with the new CoA. The CN with the new nonce sends to the MN a Binding Update Verification (BUV) within a specific time frame e.g. 10 seconds. The MN then needs to reply within 10 seconds otherwise the connection between MN and CN will be terminated. This method minimises any damages caused by bombing attacks where packets are sent to the MN by malicious nodes. Cryptography Generated Address (CGA) can also be use to make spoofing type attacks more harder. Private keys can be use to signed the message as well. Since redirection attacks requires both public and private keys to perform[18-20]. Possible threats and solution is listed in table 1 [4, 17]. VI. Conclusion The requirement for Mobile IPv6 is still not complete considering there are some essential issues that are not addressed. One of the most important issues are protocol security because without secure protection against attacks, the protocol would not be accepted thus will not work at all. Presently, the standard method use for BU protection in transport mode as well as securing the connection for control message sent during home registration method is the Encapsulation Security Payload (ESP). IPSec has several advantages over SSL/TLS which is IPSec can perform without IP restriction, any protocol can be encrypted and also encrypt any packets with just their IP headers. Unfortunately, IPSec needs to be configured with various settings thus making it complicated. The IKE protocol can control the mutual authentication and cryptographic algorithm negotiations as well as dynamic key management. Additionally, authentication method such as shared secret, Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) or X.509 certificates can be use to create safe communication between peers. References/Bibliography G. Eason, B. Noble, and I. N. Sneddon, On certain integrals of Lipschitz-Hankel type involving products of Bessel functions, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, vol. A247, pp. 529-551, April 1955. J. Clerk Maxwell, A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism, 3rd ed., vol. 2. Oxford: Clarendon, 1892, pp.68-73. I. S. Jacobs and C. P. Bean, Fine particles, thin films and exchange anisotropy, in Magnetism, vol. III, G. T. Rado and H. Suhl, Eds. New York: Academic, 1963, pp. 271-350. K. Elissa, Title of paper if known, unpublished. R. Nicole, Title of paper with only first word capitalized, J. Name Stand. Abbrev., in press. Y. Yorozu, M. Hirano, K. Oka, and Y. Tagawa, Electron spectroscopy studies on magneto-optical media and plastic substrate interface, IEEE Transl. J. Magn. Japan, vol. 2, pp. 740-741, August 1987 [Digests 9th Annual Conf. Magnetics Japan, p. 301-305, 1982. M. Young, The Technical Writers Handbook. Mill Valley, CA: University Science, 1989. Electronic Publication: Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs): D. Kornack and P. Rakic, Cell Proliferation without Neurogenesis in Adult Primate Neocortex, Science, vol. 294, Dec. 2001, pp. 2127-2130, doi:10.1126/science.1065467. (Article in a journal) H. Goto, Y. Hasegawa, and M. Tanaka, Efficient Scheduling Focusing on the Duality of MPL Representatives, Proc. IEEE Symp. Computational Intelligence in Scheduling (SCIS 07), IEEE Press, Dec. 2007, pp. 57-64, doi:10.1109/SCIS.2007.357670. (Article in a conference proceedings) AUTHORS PROFILE Taro Denshi received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in Electrical Engineering from Shibaura Institute of Technology in 1997 and 1999, respectively. During 1997-1999, he stayed in Communications Research Laboratory (CRL), Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications of Japan to study digital beam forming antennas, mobile satellite communication systems, and wireless access network using stratospheric platforms. He now with DDI Tokyo Pocket Telephone, Inc.

A Real Contemporary Problem: Fraternity Deaths and Violence

Imagine a picture of an ideal university, Lush green surroundings, modernized facilities, eccentric and highly recognized   professors stuttering about, carefully selected students with their own caliber to boast, chatting freely in the grounds and the basic motto of â€Å"Honor and Excellence†   hanging in the air.This irrefutable university exists as the very epitome of academic excellence. Future leaders of the society gather around this acropolis. This is where bright promising young minds clash and mesh to form a boulder that will serve as the structural foundation of the country within the next years to come.However, beneath this beautiful facade lies a different picture. Behind the curtains of lies and deception is a whole different story unveiled.   Behind these walls whispers a cry of injustice and a desperate plea for the destruction of a system that had long been bound by wealth and power.On the 27 of August on the same year, three cars dropped off a badly bea ten body of a boy to the hospital. His name was Chris Mendez, a student in his last year of college about to graduate with a degree of Public Administration and Governance. Minutes later, he was pronounced dead, hopes for a better life for his family died along with him.University of the Philippines offers the best facilities for educational attainment in the country. With the country paying most of the needed expenses through subsidies, students who accumulate their knowledge there are called â€Å"Scholars of the Nation.†The University is famous for the outstanding graduates they produce. This is where the phrase â€Å"freedom of speech† comes from. Students in the UP are known for their rallies against social injustices and corruption existing in the government.   There is also one other thing that they are known for.University of the Philippines hosts a lot of Student Organizations. From academics, sports, common interests, they have it all, and that includes fra ternities and sororities (Arrowsmith, 2004). All student organizations has a form of Rights of Acceptance, it will be forever imbued in the social and political culture of the school. Most of these initiation rights include hazing.The 20 year old Chris Mendez, was not the only who became the victim of hazing and other frat-related deaths and violence. Hazing, as part of the university’s tradition in acceptance had victims who suffered physically and mentally.RA 8049, also known as the Anti-Hazing states the definition of hazing as a practice in a prerequisite for acceptance and placing the applicant in a mortifying situation such as   coercing   him to do menial, foolish and other similar tasks or activities.Yet it does not take effect until, the neophyte suffers from bruises, injuries or even worse, death.   As a proof, not one of the student organizations has or had been arrested for merely shouting at an applicant in front of many people or hurling hurtful words that demeans the student as a person.Worse, even the administration itself is practicing these traditional rights of acceptance. AR Santiago, the son of former Senator Miriam Defensor-Santiago committed suicide after being turned down in his application study in the UP College of Law.The panel was reported to use cruel ways in interviewing applicants, even asking in an underhanded way of how he can cope with an insane lady for a mother (Arrowsmith, 2004).Such injustice had been happening and would not have been noticed if a senator’s son hadn’t died. Up to now the law of the jungle where the strong crushes the weak occurs. It is instilled in the values of the University ‘s organizations and even in some of the administration that these archaic ways are the solution for the students to be prepared for the real world ahead, that indeed connections and power and wealth for position does exist.The Band of BrothersThe word fraternity is defined (Encarta, 2007) as an organ ization formed to enhance the social, academic, professional or personal interests of members.   Its word comes from the Latin word â€Å"frater† meaning brother.

A Secret Weapon for Writing an Apa Research Paper

A Secret Weapon for Writing an Apa Research Paper Finding the Best Writing an Apa Research Paper You should be quite careful in your collection of a good source for virtually any custom writing services. If you are searching for top essay writing companies, try out the mentioned above. The best sort of essay starts with the ideal type of topic, so take time to choose something which works for you. There are several essay writing services that think they're the very best, and thus don't be cheated and check the legitimate collection of the very best. An outline is going to be a reminder for you to include all the crucial subtleties in it. In the event of a lengthier project, it is a challenge to imagine a successful writing process with no obstacles in the event the outline is missing. Hearsay, Lies and Writing an Apa Research Paper Another thing you must think about when you begin your academic paper is the referencing style you will utilize. The post covers its principal elements and offers valuable examples. If you're using the precise wording, use quotation marks. APA format is a favorite among students because of its simple guidelines and approach. Basically, it is used in the social sciences but it is not just limited to social sciences alone. It will help you to organize your paper well. It is generally used in the social sciences. In the event you're composing a lab file, the body is then going to be split into further segments. If you consider research paper outline examples, you will observe we have severa l approaches to present the principal body. In case you're not able to do the research paper as a result of any reason, you can depend on ProfEssays to write for you in accordance to your requirements. Let's consider the components of your research program and the way to compose a structured outline that will make it possible for you to begin a research paper as fast and effectively as possible. Great research paper's examples almost always concentrate on novel suggestions to address which will be of value in the area. Include information linked to sexual orientation only if it's related to the study or topic. If you wish to find high high quality research and thesis papers punctually and for an affordable price, you should probably attempt using EssaySupply.com. In order to start outlining the research paper, determine why you're researching the subject. Clearly, there's more than 1 person who'd attempt to use a completely free research paper as original writing. The Battle Over Writing an Apa Research Paper and How to Win It If you would like your paper to have all the critical info and grab your reader's attention, you will have to create a very clear outline. The apa research paper outline template above can help you create a best outline. You can also see speech outline. Aside from a report outline and a presentation outline, a research paper outline is among the most frequent types of outlines you're most likely to encounter in any particular field. You might also see book outline. You might also see course outline. You might also see chapter outline. You might also see program outline.

The Haitian Revolution A Successful Slave Revolt

The Haitian Revolution was the only successful black slave revolt in history, and it led to the creation of the second independent nation in the Western Hemisphere, after the United States. Inspired in large part by the French Revolution, diverse groups in the colony of Saint-Domingue began fighting against French colonial power in 1791. Independence was not fully achieved until 1804, at which point a complete social revolution had taken place where former slaves had become leaders of a nation. Fast Facts: The Haitian Revolution Short Description: The only successful slave revolt in modern history, led to the independence of HaitiKey Players/Participants: Touissant Louverture, Jean-Jacques DessalinesEvent Start Date: 1791Event End Date: 1804Location: The French colony of Saint-Domingue in the Caribbean, currently Haiti and the Dominican Republic Background and Causes The French Revolution of 1789 was a significant event for the imminent rebellion in Haiti. The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen was adopted in 1791, declaring liberty, equality, and fraternity. Historian Franklin Knight calls the Haitian Revolution the inadvertent stepchild of the French Revolution. In 1789, the French colony of Saint-Domingue was the most successful plantation colony in the Americas: it supplied France with 66% of its tropical produce and accounted for 33% of French foreign trade. It had a population of 500,000, 80% of whom were slaves. Between 1680 and 1776, roughly 800,000 Africans were imported to the island, one-third of whom died within the first few years. In contrast, the colony was home to only around 30,000 whites, and a roughly similar number of affranchis or free people of color (composed primarily of mulattoes, mixed-race people). Society in Saint Domingue was divided along both class and color lines, with affranchis and whites often at odds in terms of how to interpret the egalitarian language of the French Revolution. White elites sought greater economic autonomy from the metropolis (France). Working-class/poor whites argued for the equality of all whites, not just for landed whites. Affranchis aspired to the power of whites and begun to amass wealth as landowners (often owning slaves themselves). Beginning in the 1860s, white colonists began to restrict the rights of affranchis. Also inspired by the French Revolution, black slaves increasingly engaged in maroonage, running away from plantations to the mountainous interior. France granted almost complete autonomy to Saint-Domingue in 1790. However, it left open the issue of rights for free people of color, and white planters refused to recognize them as equals, creating a more volatile situation. In October 1790, affranchis led their first armed revolt against white colonial authorities. In April 1791, slave revolts begin to break out. In the meantime, France extended some rights to affranchis, which angered white colonists. Beginning of the Haitian Revolution By 1791, slaves and mulattoes were fighting separately for their own agendas, and white colonists were too preoccupied with maintaining their hegemony to notice the growing unrest among slaves. Throughout 1791, slave revolts grew in numbers and frequency, with slaves torching the most prosperous plantations and killing fellow slaves who refused to join their revolt. The Haitian Revolution is considered to have begun officially on August 14, 1791 with the Bois Caà ¯man ceremony, a vodou ritual presided over by Boukman, a maroon leader and vodou priest from Jamaica. This meeting was the result of months of strategizing and planning by slaves in the northern area of the colony who were recognized as leaders of their respective plantations. Ambushing troops in a forest, Haitian revolution, illustration.    Due to the fighting, the French National Assembly revoked the decree granting limited rights to affranchis in September 1791, which only spurred on their rebellion. That same month, slaves burned one of the colonys most important cities, Le Cap, to the ground. The following month, Port-au-Prince was burned to the ground in fighting between whites and affranchis. 1792-1802 The Haitian Revolution was chaotic. At one time there were six different parties warring simultaneously: slaves, affranchis, working-class whites, elite whites, invading Spanish, and English troops battling for control of the colony, and the French military. Alliances were struck and quickly dissolved. For example, in 1792 blacks and affranchis became allies with the British fighting against the French, and in 1793 they allied with the Spanish. Furthermore, the French often tried to get slaves to join their forces by offering them freedom to help put down the rebellion. In September 1793, a number of reforms took place in France, including the abolition of colonial slavery. While colonists began negotiating with slaves for increased rights, the rebels, led by Touissant Louverture, understood that without land ownership, they could not stop fighting. Portrait of Haitian Patriot Toussaint Louverture.   Photo Josse/Leemage/Getty Images Throughout 1794, the three European forces took control of different parts of the island. Louverture aligned with different colonial powers at different moments. In 1795, Britain and Spain signed a peace treaty and ceded Saint-Domingue to the French. By 1796, Louverture had established dominance in the colony, though his hold on power was tenuous. In 1799, a civil war broke out between Louverture and the affranchis. In 1800, Louverture invaded Santo Domingo (the eastern half of the island, modern-day Dominican Republic) in order to bring it under his control. Between 1800 and 1802, Louverture tried to rebuild the destroyed economy of Saint-Domingue. He reopened commercial relations with the U.S. and Britain, restored destroyed sugar and coffee estates to operating condition, and halted the wide-scale killing of white people. He even discussed importing new Africans to jump-start the plantation economy. In addition, he outlawed the very popular vodou religion and established Catholicism as the colonys main religion, which angered many slaves. He established a constitution in 1801 that asserted the colonys autonomy with respect to France and became a de-facto dictator, naming himself governor-general for life. The Final Years of the Revolution Napoleon Bonaparte, who had assumed power in France in 1799, had dreams of restoring slavery in Saint-Domingue, and he saw Louverture (and Africans in general) as uncivilized. He sent his brother-in-law Charles Leclerc to invade the colony in 1801. Many white planters supported Bonapartes invasion. Furthermore, Louverture faced opposition from black slaves, who felt he was continuing to exploit them and who was not instituting land reform. In early 1802 many of his top generals had defected to the French side and Louverture was eventually forced to sign an armistice in May 1802. However, Leclerc betrayed the terms of the treaty and tricked Louverture into getting arrested. He was exiled to France, where he died in prison in 1803. Believing that Frances intention was to restore slavery in the colony, blacks and affranchis, led by two of Louvertures former generals, Jean-Jacques Dessalines and Henri Christophe, reignited the rebellion against the French in late 1802. Many French soldiers died from yellow fever, contributing to the victories by Dessalines and Christophe. Haiti Independence Dessalines created the Haitian flag in 1803, whose colors represent the alliance of blacks and mulattoes against whites. The French began to withdraw troops in August 1803. On January 1, 1804, Dessalines published the Declaration of Independence and abolished the colony of Saint-Domingue. The original indigenous Taino name of the island, Hayti, was restored. Effects of the Haitian Revolution The outcome of the Haitian Revolution loomed large across slaveholding societies in the Americas. The success of the slave revolt inspired similar uprisings in Jamaica, Grenada, Colombia, and Venezuela. Plantation owners lived in fear that their societies would become another Haiti. In Cuba, for example, during the Wars of Independence the Spanish were able to use the spectre of the Haitian Revolution as a threat to white landowners: if landowners supported Cuban independence fighters, their slaves would rise up and kill their white masters and Cuba would become a Black republic like Haiti. There was also a mass exodus from Haiti during and after the Revolution, with many planters fleeing with their slaves to Cuba, Jamaica, or Louisiana. Its possible that up to 60% of the population that lived in Saint-Domingue in 1789 died between 1790 and 1796. The newly independent Haiti was isolated by all the western powers. France would not recognize Haitis independence until 1825, and the U.S. did not establish diplomatic relations with the island until 1862. What had been the wealthiest colony in the Americas became one of the poorest and least developed. The sugar economy was transferred to colonies where slavery was still legal, like Cuba, which quickly replaced Saint-Domingue as the worlds leading sugar producer in the early 19th century. According to historian Franklin Knight, The Haitians were forced to destroy the entire colonial socioeconomic structure that was the raison detre for their imperial importance; and in destroying the institution of slavery, they unwittingly agreed to terminate their connection to the entire international superstructure that perpetuated slavery and the plantation economy. That was an incalculable price for freedom and independence. Knight continues, The Haitian case represented the first complete social revolution in modern history...no greater change could be manifest than the slaves becoming the masters of their destinies within a free state. In contrast, the revolutions in the U.S., France, and (a few decades later) Latin America were largely reshufflings of the political elites—the ruling classes before remained essentially the ruling classes afterward. Sources History of Haiti: 1492-1805. https://library.brown.edu/haitihistory/index.htmlKnight, Franklin. The Caribbean: The Genesis of a Fragmented Nationalism, 2nd edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.MacLeod, Murdo J., Lawless, Robert, Girault, Christian Antoine, Ferguson, James A. Haiti. https://www.britannica.com/place/Haiti/Early-period#ref726835